Cultural factors supporting the design and development of PEDs – Positive Energy Districts: a comparative analysis of case studies in Italy and Turkey

Positive Energy Districts (PEDs) are defined as energy-efficient, flexible urban areas or connected buildings producing net-zero greenhouse gas emissions while managing a surplus of renewable energy. Central to European policy initiatives, PEDs aim to achieve clean, sustainable urbanization by 2025 and expedite the transition to a low-carbon energy system. Current literature predominantly explores economic and environmental dimensions of PEDs, partially neglecting social, behavioral, and cultural aspects despite their importance in fostering pro-environmental behaviors. This paper addresses this gap by examining the socio-cultural factors influencing PEDs' design and development. A comparative case study of two PED projects in Italy and Turkey, analyzed in the framework of the PROPEL project, employing qualitative methods such as desk research, document analysis, and semi-structured interviews, reveals that integrating cultural strategies (e.g., cultural events, heritage enhancement, community festivals, etc.) is vital in promoting community dynamics conducive to PEDs' success. The findings underscore the significance of socio-cultural elements in advancing PEDs.