ABSTRACT The need of egalitarian school systems, such as Comenius’s one—who taught “omnia omnes”—or Rousseau’s—who argued for a personalized school in his Emile—are mixed together and joined in an idea of school systems aimed at identifying the individual variables which constitute the main requirements for learning. The pedagogical models proposed by Comoglio and Cardoso (1996) and the didactic diversification argued for by Montessori may be completed by evaluations of Gardner’s intellective models, which highlight the specificities of each individual when she relates to learning processes. These models are applicable to the teaching of general pedagogy, though resulting useful as a guidance for the physical education: in fact, it is acknowledged the existence of a parallel between theories of differential training – meant for the development of the motor capabilities of a single athlete – and personalized educational pathways – which have become in the last years the subject of a fruitful pedagogical debate. The traditional system of teaching prioritizes an education/training method, together with unified assessments in terms of language/practice and logic/quantity. However, this system does not account for the fact that individuals possess different types of minds so that they learn, remember, do and understand in different ways (Gardner, 2005). This work highlights parallels between learning and physical training in order to enhance the value of both personalized strategies, so that best possible performance is achieved in every aspect of students’ growth.
La necessità della scuola uguale per tutti, nella visione di Comenio in cui si insegna “omnia omnes” e l’esigenza di una scuola diversa per ciascuno avocata da Rousseau nel suo Emilio si fondono e si conciliano in una scuola che tenda ad individuare e riconoscere i fattori individuali che costituiscono le condizioni determinanti dell’ apprendimento. I modelli pedagogici cooperativi proposti da Comoglio e Cardoso (1996) e la differenziazione didattica di idea Montessoriana si sposano con le valutazioni sui modelli intellettivi di Gardner che evidenziano le peculiarità di ogni individuo in relazione ai processi di apprendimento. Questi modelli sono applicabili alla pedagogia generale ma risultano utili nello specifico della didattica delle attività motorie in quanto sussiste un parallelismo tra le teorie dell’allenamento differenziale per lo sviluppo della capacità motorie del singolo atleta e i percorsi didattici personalizzati su cui il dibattito pedagogico è florido già da alcuni anni. Il sistema tradizionale tende spesso a privilegiare modalità di istruzione/allenamento e di valutazione uniformi di tipo linguistico/pratico e logico/quantitativo, senza tener conto del fatto che gli individui possiedono in larga misura diversi tipi di menti e quindi apprendono, ricordano, eseguono e comprendono in modi diversi (Gardner, 2005). In questo lavoro si evidenziano i parallelismi tra apprendimento e allenamento motorio al fine di valorizzare in entrambi le strategie di personalizzazione per raggiungere la migliore performance possibile in ogni aspetto della crescita dei discenti.
Ripensare i processi formativi in forme policentriche valorizzando la personalizzazione del percorso: una visione parallela apprendimento-allenamento fisico. Rethinking educational processes in multi-centred forms that enhance the value of the formative path: Parallelisms between learning and physical training
PELUSO CASSESE F
2013-01-01
Abstract
ABSTRACT The need of egalitarian school systems, such as Comenius’s one—who taught “omnia omnes”—or Rousseau’s—who argued for a personalized school in his Emile—are mixed together and joined in an idea of school systems aimed at identifying the individual variables which constitute the main requirements for learning. The pedagogical models proposed by Comoglio and Cardoso (1996) and the didactic diversification argued for by Montessori may be completed by evaluations of Gardner’s intellective models, which highlight the specificities of each individual when she relates to learning processes. These models are applicable to the teaching of general pedagogy, though resulting useful as a guidance for the physical education: in fact, it is acknowledged the existence of a parallel between theories of differential training – meant for the development of the motor capabilities of a single athlete – and personalized educational pathways – which have become in the last years the subject of a fruitful pedagogical debate. The traditional system of teaching prioritizes an education/training method, together with unified assessments in terms of language/practice and logic/quantity. However, this system does not account for the fact that individuals possess different types of minds so that they learn, remember, do and understand in different ways (Gardner, 2005). This work highlights parallels between learning and physical training in order to enhance the value of both personalized strategies, so that best possible performance is achieved in every aspect of students’ growth.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
