Among the neurodevelopmental disorders, the autism spectrum is one of the most complex that requires important behavioral observation skills by those who, for various reasons, prepare a personalized intervention plan. All behavior, functional or dysfunctional, in all children including those who have developmental atypia, is a message and a response to requests from the external environment or to specific internal needs (Carr et al, 1998). In the pedagogical field, the observational action is preliminary to the activation of mediation strategies among all the caregivers, to the knowledge of the contexts and to the reorganization of the physical and social environment in relation to the specific needs of the person to whom the intervention is addressed. Emergency situations such as that caused by the Covid-19 pandemic have increased the difficulty of working with children with relational and communicative difficulties due to the impossibility of having direct contact, essential for the success of a therapeutic, pedagogical and/or didactic action. If, on the one hand, the objective remains the creation of opportunities for contact and the improvement of the ability to enter into relationship with the other, on the other hand the same contact cannot be used as a tool of intervention in situations such as those experienced during the pandemic. In this way, the pedagogical skills required of those who intervene in this area are redefined through a readjustment of the settings and procedures never before encountered. The study presented here stems from the need to provide possible answers to the questions: “How can we intervene remotely with a child with autism?”. Emergency situations such as the current one force operators to use their creativity, to field their problem solving skills to find solutions to new problems, to be flexible. The contribution therefore intends to present a work born from the emergency to intervene during the emergency. In particular, an intervention aimed at strengthening the language-communication skills of a child with Autism and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder through the use of distance communication platforms such as Teams and Skype will be illustrated.
Tra i disturbi del neurosviluppo quello dello spettro autistico è uno dei più complessi in quanto richiede importanti capacità di osservazione della persona e del suo contesto di vita da parte di coloro che, a vario titolo, predispongono un piano di intervento personalizzato. Ogni comportamento, funzionale o disfunzionale, in tutti i bambini compresi quelli che presentano delle atipie nello sviluppo, è un messaggio ed una risposta alle richieste dell’ambiente esterno o a specifiche esigenze interne (Carr et al, 1998). In ambito pedagogico l’azione osservativa è preliminare all’attivazione di strategie di mediazione tra tutti i caregiver, alla conoscenza dei contesti e alla riorganizzazione dell’ambiente fisico e sociale in relazione ai particolari bisogni della persona a cui si rivolge l’intervento. Situazioni di emergenza, come quella causata dalla pandemia Covid-19, hanno accresciuto la difficoltà di lavorare con bambini con problematiche relazionali e comunicative a causa dell’impossibilità di avere un contatto diretto, indispensabile per la buona riuscita di un’azione terapeutica, pedagogica e/o didattica. Se da una parte l’obiettivo rimane la creazione di occasioni di contatto e il miglioramento della capacità di entrare in relazione con l’altro, d’altra parte lo stesso contatto non può rientrare tra gli strumenti principali di intervento in situazioni come quelle vissute nel corso della pandemia. Si vengono così a ridefinire le competenze pedagogiche richieste a chi si occupa di questo ambito attraverso un riadattamento dei setting e delle procedure mai incontrato prima. Lo studio qui presentato nasce dall’esigenza di fornire delle possibili risposte alle domande: “Come si può intervenire a distanza con un bambino con autismo?”, “A fronte delle misure di distanziamento sociale, come si possono portare avanti percorsi pedagogici intrapresi?”. Situazioni di emergenza come quella attuale costringono gli operatori ad usare la propria creatività, a mettere in campo le proprie abilità di problem solving per trovare soluzioni a problemi nuovi, ad essere flessibili. Il contributo intende dunque presentare un lavoro nato dall’emergenza per intervenire durante l’emergenza. In particolare si andrà ad illustrare un intervento mirato al potenziamento delle abilità linguistico-comunicative di un bambino con Autismo e disturbo d’attenzione/iperattività attraverso l’utilizzo di piattaforme di comunicazione a distanza come Teams e Skype.
Intervento pedagogico con le tecnologie. Autismo ed Emergenza Covid
Sorrentino C
2020-01-01
Abstract
Among the neurodevelopmental disorders, the autism spectrum is one of the most complex that requires important behavioral observation skills by those who, for various reasons, prepare a personalized intervention plan. All behavior, functional or dysfunctional, in all children including those who have developmental atypia, is a message and a response to requests from the external environment or to specific internal needs (Carr et al, 1998). In the pedagogical field, the observational action is preliminary to the activation of mediation strategies among all the caregivers, to the knowledge of the contexts and to the reorganization of the physical and social environment in relation to the specific needs of the person to whom the intervention is addressed. Emergency situations such as that caused by the Covid-19 pandemic have increased the difficulty of working with children with relational and communicative difficulties due to the impossibility of having direct contact, essential for the success of a therapeutic, pedagogical and/or didactic action. If, on the one hand, the objective remains the creation of opportunities for contact and the improvement of the ability to enter into relationship with the other, on the other hand the same contact cannot be used as a tool of intervention in situations such as those experienced during the pandemic. In this way, the pedagogical skills required of those who intervene in this area are redefined through a readjustment of the settings and procedures never before encountered. The study presented here stems from the need to provide possible answers to the questions: “How can we intervene remotely with a child with autism?”. Emergency situations such as the current one force operators to use their creativity, to field their problem solving skills to find solutions to new problems, to be flexible. The contribution therefore intends to present a work born from the emergency to intervene during the emergency. In particular, an intervention aimed at strengthening the language-communication skills of a child with Autism and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder through the use of distance communication platforms such as Teams and Skype will be illustrated.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
