Climate litigation based on human rights increasingly challenges the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR) to reconcile the collective nature of environmental interests with the Convention's individual-focused framework, which excludes actio popularis. This article examines the KlimaSeniorinnen v. Switzerland judgment as a key milestone in climate justice, highlighting the tensions between Article 34 of the Convention and the collective dimension of climate claims. The Court adopts a dual approach: a restrictive stance toward individual applicants, redefining the concept of "victim" and raising the evidentiary threshold, contrasted with a more open attitude toward associations, potentially weakening the prohibition of actio popularis. The article explores the contradictions and systemic implications of this "variable geometry" jurisprudence, questioning the ECtHR's ability to ensure access to justice while upholding the Convention's structural principles. In conclusion, it assesses the ECHR's capacity to address the systemic and intergenerational challenges posed by climate change.
Il contenzioso climatico basato sui diritti umani pone la Corte Europea dei Diritti dell’Uomo (CEDU) di fronte alla sfida di conciliare la natura collettiva degli interessi ambientali con il sistema individuale della Convenzione, che esclude l’actio popularis. L’articolo analizza la storica sentenza KlimaSeniorinnen c. Svizzera, evidenziando le tensioni tra l’Articolo 34 e la dimensione collettiva delle istanze climatiche. Lo studio evidenzia l'approccio a "geometria variabile" della Corte: una postura restrittiva verso i singoli ricorrenti, basata sulla ridefinizione della nozione di "vittima", contrapposta a una maggiore apertura verso le associazioni. Il lavoro esplora le contraddizioni e le implicazioni sistemiche di tale giurisprudenza, interrogandosi sulla capacità della CEDU di garantire l’accesso alla giustizia e di rispondere alle sfide intergenerazionali poste dal cambiamento climatico pur preservando i propri principi strutturali.
Protezione dei diritti umani e cambiamento climatico: il contributo della giurisprudenza della Corte europea dei diritti dell’uomo nel caso KlimaSeniorinnen
Michele Corleto
2025-01-01
Abstract
Climate litigation based on human rights increasingly challenges the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR) to reconcile the collective nature of environmental interests with the Convention's individual-focused framework, which excludes actio popularis. This article examines the KlimaSeniorinnen v. Switzerland judgment as a key milestone in climate justice, highlighting the tensions between Article 34 of the Convention and the collective dimension of climate claims. The Court adopts a dual approach: a restrictive stance toward individual applicants, redefining the concept of "victim" and raising the evidentiary threshold, contrasted with a more open attitude toward associations, potentially weakening the prohibition of actio popularis. The article explores the contradictions and systemic implications of this "variable geometry" jurisprudence, questioning the ECtHR's ability to ensure access to justice while upholding the Convention's structural principles. In conclusion, it assesses the ECHR's capacity to address the systemic and intergenerational challenges posed by climate change.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
